Periodontitis is a chronic infectious disease with high prevalence among humans. Diabetes and periodontitis interact on each other. These two diseases can also stimulate the production of specific inflammatory cytokines.

The IL23 / IL17 axis plays an important role in the progression of chronic inflammation and host responses to bacterial infections. For this purpose, we study aimed to investigate the relationship between IL 23 articles with both disease(periodontitis, diabetes) tested, too.

The present study was a review study based on Magiran, Medlib, Iranmedex, SID proquest, Elsevier, Ovid, Pubmed, Science Direct databases. The Persian and English related articles were used during the period 2000-2017, which was written about periodontal disease, diabetes and IL 23.

Only four articles were found that investigated the association of IL-23 with both disease(periodontitis, diabetes). Two clinical trials and two case-control studies were conducted. Two studies of IL-23 levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid(GCF), a study in serum and a study of the incidence of IL-23 mRNA in patients undergoing biopsy in gingival tissue, were studied. Only in one study, the reduction of IL-23 levels in the treated group was observed in the non-treated group, and in other studies, IL-23 levels were not significantly different among the groups.

In order to obtain more accurate clinical outcomes in this field, it may be worthwhile studying to measure the level of this cytokine in serum, saliva, and gingival fluid of this substance by simultaneous gingival biopsy of affected areas. In addition, clinical trials with sample size and control groups should be more effective.