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Shirani M, Nouri M, Askari G. Effect of N-acetylcysteine supplementation on Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in infertile women: A systematic review of clinical trials. Clin Exc 2019; 8 (3) :1-10
URL: http://ce.mazums.ac.ir/article-1-415-en.html

PCOS is one of the most common endocrine abnormalities that affecting up to 10 % of women of childbearing age. Different drugs are used to treat this disorder, one of which is N-acetylcysteine (NAC), which has the ability to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic cells, as well as the regulation of insulin receptors at the erythrocyte level. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of this supplement on insulin resistance, oxidative stress, and serum homocysteine levels in infertile women. By searching in the scientific databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Scopus and Web of Science, using the N-Acetyl-L-cysteine, N-acetylcysteine, NAC, PCOS, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome keywords، studies that published between 1990 and 2018 were extracted. NAC has a potential for neutralizing free radicals due to its high Thiol group and can increase the activity of antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase. A number of studies have shown that reducing insulin resistance is one of the mechanisms of NAC's function, which is similar to the mechanism of metformin function. It will induce ovulation in women with PCOS by inducing insulin sensitivity and antioxidant effects. Also, high levels of homocysteine ​​can cause endothelial dysfunction due to the formation of active oxygen species, which is why NAC can act as a vascular protective agent against oxidative damage. NAC can play an important role in the PCOS recovery process by influencing various factors.