fa بررسی تطبیقی نظام آموزشی مقطع کارشناسی پرستاری در ایران و ژاپن پرستاری پرستاری مروری Review <p style="text-align: justify;"><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">پرورش<span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span>نیروهای<span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span>پرستاری</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">کارآزموده و</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">شایسته</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">برای</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">ارائه</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">مراقبت­های</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">بهداشتی</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">و درمانی</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">امری ضروری و بدیهی است که لازمه آن ارتقاء کیفیت آموزش است. مقایسه نظام­های مختلف آموزشی باعث ارتقای محتوی و کیفیت برنامه آموزشی می­شود. ﻫﺪف از اﻳﻦ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ، مقایسه نظام آموزش مقطع کارشناسی پرستاری در اﻳﺮان با کشور توسعه‌یافته ژاپن بود. اﻳﻦ ﭘﮋوﻫﺶ، به روش توصیفی ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ انجام شد</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">و در آن نظام آموزش پرستاری ایران با کشور ژاپن در مقطع کارشناسی مورد بررسی و مقایسه قرار گرفت. یافته‌ها حاکی از آن بود که آموزش پرستاری ژاپن، از حیث شروع آموزش مدرن و نیز تأسیس کلیه مقاطع پرستاری از کارشناسی تا دکترا از ایران جلوتر است. برخلاف ایران، در ژاپن ورود به کلیه مقاطع بدون گذراندن آزمون سراسری است و ضوابط پذیرش، توسط هر دانشگاه به‌طور مستقل وضع می­شود. همچنین برنامه­های آموزش پرستاری از حیث ﻧﻮع دروس و ﺗﻌـﺪاد واﺣـﺪﻫﺎی دروس ﭘﺎﻳﻪ و اﺧﺘﺼﺎﺻﻲ متنوع بوده، در حالی که در ایران در کلیه مقاطع تقریباً یک برنامه مشابه در سراسر کشور اجرا می­شود. در ایران اغلب دروس تخصصی رشته پرستاری توسط اعضای هیئت‌علمی پرستاری تدریس می­شود ولی در ژاپن اغلب توسط پزشکان انجام صورت می­گیرد. آموزش بالینی، در ژاپن بر عهده مربیان بالینی است که وابسته به دانشکده پرستاری نیستند و نقش اعضای هیئت‌علمی، صرفاً نظارت بر آموزش بالینی است. از وجوه افتراقی دیگر می­توان به ارائه واحد سمینار و پایان‌نامه و نیز برگزاری آزمون </font></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 9pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">RN </font></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">(Registered Nurse)</font></span><span dir="RTL" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 10pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">در کشور ژاپن اشاره نمود. از حیث تصویر اجتماعی پرستاری و اعتباربخشی، دو کشور تقریباً مشابه هم می­باشند. از آنجایی که برنامه آموزش پرستاری ایران در مقایسه با ژاپن از</font></span><span lang="FA" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "B Zar"; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000"> </font></span><span dir="RTL" lang="FA" style="font-family: "B Zar"; font-size: 12pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ascii-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-hansi-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: FA;"><font color="#000000">شباهت­ها و تفاوت­هایی برخوردار می­باشد، بدیهی است تجزیه‌وتحلیل این نقاط با عنایت به تفاوت‌های فرهنگی، اجتماعی، تاریخی، اقتصادی و ... بر توانایی ما در جهت رفع مشکلات و چالش­های موجود در آموزش پرستاری بیفزاید.</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span b="" style="font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman">Generation experienced and qualified human resources to provide essential health care is obvious. To achieve this, the nursing education as part of the medical education system of the country, in order to maintain and strengthen the integrity of education and development should be reviewed continuously. Compare different educational systems improve the quality of the Curriculum. The aim of this study was to compare nursing education system in Iran and Japan.</font></span></p> <p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt"><span b="" style="font-size: 11pt; mso-bidi-font-family: "><font color="#000000" face="Times New Roman">This study was a comparative descriptive and the nursing education system in all levels were compared with Japan. Finding showed that Nursing Japan, in terms of the modern and well-established training all levels of undergraduate nursing and a doctorate from Iran ahead. Unlike Iran, in Japan the entrance to all levels without passing the national test and acceptance criteria, are set by each university independently. Also Nursing education programs in all levels of education as well as the type and number of credits in a variety of basic and specific, while in Iran at all levels about a similar program runs throughout the country. Iran often nursing courses are taught by faculty of nursing, but in Japan often done by phisitions. Clinical Training in Japan by clinical educators who are not affiliated with the School of Nursing and the faculty member, only monitoring clinical training. In terms of social image of nursing and nursing education accreditation, both countries are nearly similar. Since the Iran nursing education Compared with Japan has strengths and weaknesses. Obviously, analyzing these points with regard to the cultural, social, historical, economical background, is useful to solve the problems in Iran nursing education.</font></span></p> ﺑﺮرﺳﻲ ﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ, ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‌ریزی درﺳﻲ, آموزش پرستاری, ایران, ژاپن. Comparative Study, Nursing curriculum, nursing education, Iran, Japan. 81 99 http://ce.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-486-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Seyedeh azam Sajadi سیده اعظم سجادی 10031947532846001802 10031947532846001802 No Jamileh Mokhtari Nouri جمیله مختاری نوری Jamilmokhtari@yahoo.com 10031947532846001803 10031947532846001803 Yes Maryam Nezamzadeh مریم نظام زاده 10031947532846001804 10031947532846001804 No