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سواد رسانه ای در دانشجویان: مطالعه نظام یافته
Media Literacy in Students: A Systematic Study
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Review
<div style="text-align: justify;"> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">ای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">پایین </span><span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">جامعه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">ما</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">موجب</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">نگرانی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">است</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">زیرا</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">ما</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">یک</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">محیط</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه ای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">زندگی میکنیم</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">باید</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">تمام</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">اطلاعات</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">عملکردی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">جامعه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">را</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بدانیم</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">همین</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دلیل</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دانشجویان</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">باید</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">پیوسته</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">آگاهی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">شان</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">را</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">افزایش</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دهند تا</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">برداشت</span><sub><span style="font-family:B Zar;">­</span></sub><span style="font-family:B Zar;">های</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سطحی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">پیام</span><sub><span style="font-family:B Zar;">­</span></sub><span style="font-family:B Zar;">ها</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">نداشته</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">باشند</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">با</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">توجه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">اهمیت</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">این</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">موضوع</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">هدف</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">انجام</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مطالعه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بررسی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه<sub>­</sub>ای در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دانشجویان</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">می باشد</span><span dir="LTR">. </span><span style="font-family:B Zar;">بنایراین،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">می تواند</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">چارچوبی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">برای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سازماندهی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">تحقیقات</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">زمینه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بهبود</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">وضعیت</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه<sub>­</sub>ای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">درکشور</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">ارائه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دهد.</span><span dir="LTR"></span><br>
<span style="font-family:B Zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مقالاتی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">که</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">داخل</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">کشور</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;"> ایران با</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">عنوان</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه<sub>­</sub>ای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دانشجویان</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">با</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">استفاده</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">ازکلیدواژه</span><sub><span style="font-family:B Zar;">­</span></sub><span style="font-family:B Zar;">های</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">انگلیسی</span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Media literacy</span></span><span dir="LTR">, </span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Iran </span></span><span dir="LTR">, </span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">و</span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Mass media</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">کلید</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">واژه</span><sub><span style="font-family:B Zar;">­</span></sub><span style="font-family:B Zar;">های</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">فارسی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه ای،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دانشجویان،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">نیاز</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه ای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">پایگاه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">داده</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">های؛</span> <span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Google Scholar</span></span><span dir="LTR">, </span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">Science Direct</span></span><span dir="LTR">, </span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">PubMed</span></span><span dir="LTR">, </span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">SID Magiran </span></span><span style="font-family:B Zar;">بدست</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">آمد،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">استفاده</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">کردیم</span><span style="font-family:B Zar;">. </span><span style="font-family:B Zar;">معیار</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">ورود</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">این</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مطالعه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مقالات پژوهشی،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مقالات</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">توصیفی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مقطعی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">کیفی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بازه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">زمانی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سال</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">های</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">2020-2000</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در دسترس</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بودن</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">متن</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">کامل</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مقاله</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">است</span><span dir="LTR">.</span><span style="font-family:B Zar;"> در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">نهایت</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;"><span style="font-size:10.0pt;">30</span></span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مقاله</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مرتبط</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">با</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">موضوع</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بدست</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">آمد</span><span style="font-family:B Zar;">. </span><span style="font-family:B Zar;">مطالعات</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">داخلی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">نشان</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">میدهد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">که</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مبحث</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانهای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">اولویت</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">آموزشی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مراکز</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">نبوده</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دانشجویان</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">معمولا</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه ای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">حد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">متوسط</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">برخوردار</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بوده</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">اند</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">عواملی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">نظیر؛</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">میزان</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">تحصیلات،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بصری،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سابقه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">کار،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رشته</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">تحصیلی، عادت رسانه<sub>­</sub>ای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">استفاده</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه<sub>­</sub>ای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">ترتیب</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بیشترین</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">تاثیر</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">را</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بر</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه های</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">داشته</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">اند</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مولفه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">های</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سواد</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه ای دانشجویان</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">سه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">حیطه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دسترسی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">استفاده،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">نگاه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">انتقادی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">تولید</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">پیام های</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه ای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">بررسی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">شدند</span><span style="font-family:B Zar;">. </span><span style="font-family:B Zar;">برای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">تحقق بخشیدن</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">هرکدام</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">از</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">این</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">موارد؛</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">دانشگاه ها،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">رسانه</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">ها،</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">نهادهای</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">مدنی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">و</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">صنفی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">باید</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">به</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">آموزش های</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">عالی</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">در</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">این</span> <span style="font-family:B Zar;">زمینه بپردازند</span><span dir="LTR">.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">Low media literacy in our society is a concern because we live in a media environment and we need to know all the functional information of the community, so students need to constantly increase their awareness so that they do not have superficial perceptions of messages. Due to the importance of this issue, the purpose of this study is to examine media literacy in students. Therefore, it can provide a framework for organizing research to improve the media literacy situation in our country<br>
Articles in IRAN with a focus on media literacy in students using the English keywords Media literacy, Iran, and Mass media, Persian keywords media literacy, students, the need for media literacy from google scholar, science direct, Pubmed, SID, Magiran obtained. Inclusion criteria for this study are original articles, descriptive cross-sectional and qualitative articles in the period from 2000 to 2020 and the availability of the full text of the article. Articles that didn’t meet these criteria were excluded from the study, finally 30 related articles was obtained.<br>
the result of studies shows that media literacy is not in the educational priority of the universities. The level of media literacy in students was moderate. The variables of education, visual literacy, work experience, field of study, media habit and media consumption, respectively had the greatest impact on media literacy. The components of students' media literacy were examined in three dimensions: access and use, critical view of media, and create multimedia messages<br>
To achieve each of these issues; Universities, the media, organizations and institution must consider academic education in this field.</div>
سواد رسانه ای, دانشجویان, ایران, رسانه های جمعی.
Media Literacy, Students, Mass Media, IRAN
35
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http://ce.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-743-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Mosharefe
Chaleshgar kordasiabi
مشرفه
چالشگر کردآسیابی
mosharefe@gmail.com
10031947532846003833
10031947532846003833
Yes
Faculty of Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
گروه بهداشت عمومی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران.
Zahra
Eshkevarkiayi
زهرا
اشکورکیایی
zahrakiayi2222@gmail.com
10031947532846003834
10031947532846003834
No
Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مازندران، ساری، ایران.