The last two decades has increased dramatically drugs proton pump inhibitor (PPI: Proton Pump Inhibitors) in children and adults, so that increase 4-fold in the prevalence of PPI between 2003-2000 in infants, with existed an estimated increase of 7.5 years from 2004 to 1999. Several studies have been conducted on adult patients that There are relationship between antiacid and infectious diseases (pneumonia and infections of the gastrointestinal) and non-infectious diseases (pelvic fractures and a deficiency of vitamin B12). This finding challenges the methods of experimental treatment an antiacid drugs in cases of suspected GERD in infants and children. Accordingly, the present study was to evaluate the side effects associated with medications of antiacids in the pediatric population.

This study was a review and search the database based on Magiran SID, Medlib, Iranmedex, proquest Elsevier, Ovid, PubMed, Science direct. 52 articles were found and finally 12 articles were related to the purposes of this study. Articles were Inclusion criteria that the relationship between drugs inhibit acid secretion show the risk of Necrtizing enteracolitis, sepsis, bacteremia, pneumonia and infections of the gastrointestinal. It can be concluded that PPI and H2bloker should be used in both children and adult with caution.