Malaria, a parasitic infection caused by the genus Plasmodium that annually more than 200 million new cases were reported from all over the world. Most people show symptoms and sometimes the blood differently to recognize and correct decisions about appropriate treatment approach with their problems. In this study, various hematologic complications caused by Plasmodium types are discussed. The review of the scientific search databases PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, Magiran, SID, IranMedex using standard keyword Plasmodium, malaria, anemia and blood disorders (Hematologic Disorder) between 2000-2015 were extracted. The articles of clinical trials, prospective cohort, retrospective, cross-sectional and case-control study were conducted. Articles that evaluate the effects of malaria plasmodium types of cells and blood indices were studied and Articles with target groups of children, teenagers and animals, as well as articles written in languages ​​other than English and Farsi were excluded. According to the literature review, we can say that except for proven cases of iron deficiency anemia and vascular adhesion caused by Sticky shaped cell (Knob), reducing the level of hemoglobin and hematocrit, today as part of pancytopenia and severe Thrombocytopenia, Plasmodium infection are called irrefutable. All of this, along with the occurrence of inflammation caused by the secretion of inflammatory cytokines and complement activation can be too complex clinical picture of malaria in patients with hematologic if it appears.